The management of temperate deciduous forests has been markedly changed over the last century, represented
mostly by reduced intensity of biomass removal. At the end of the 20th century, the deposition of airborne
pollutants from industry and transport seriously increased, particularly sulfur and nitrogen compounds. The
influence of these impacts is expected to continue in the future. Nitrogen deposition and increased biomass in
forests lead to eutrophication of ecosystems and in many cases to the changes in species composition and the
species diversity reduction. Many experts therefore recommend a return to the historical management.
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